求问3个问题，是关于组织行为学的，谁学过或者正在学，能帮忙回答下，有偿，

1.Context - Communication is affected by the context in which it takes place. This context may be physical, social, chronological or cultural. Every communication proceeds with context. The sender chooses the message to communicate within a context.
2.Sender / Encoder - Sender / Encoder is a person who sends the message. A sender makes use of symbols (words or graphic or visual aids) to convey the message and produce the required response. For instance - a training manager conducting training for new batch of employees. Sender may be an individual or a group or an organization. The views, background, approach, skills, competencies, and knowledge of the sender have a great impact on the message. The verbal and non verbal symbols chosen are essential in ascertaining interpretation of the message by the recipient in the same terms as intended by the sender.
3.Message - Message is a key idea that the sender wants to communicate. It is a sign that elicits the response of recipient. Communication process begins with deciding about the message to be conveyed. It must be ensured that the main objective of the message is clear.
4.Medium - Medium is a means used to exchange / transmit the message. The sender must choose an appropriate medium for transmitting the message else the message might not be conveyed to the desired recipients. The choice of appropriate medium of communication is essential for making the message effective and correctly interpreted by the recipient. This choice of communication medium varies depending upon the features of communication. For instance - Written medium is chosen when a message has to be conveyed to a small group of people, while an oral medium is chosen when spontaneous feedback is required from the recipient as misunderstandings are cleared then and there.
5..Recipient / Decoder - Recipient / Decoder is a person for whom the message is intended / aimed / targeted. The degree to which the decoder understands the message is dependent upon various factors such as knowledge of recipient, their responsiveness to the message, and the reliance of encoder on decoder.
6.Feedback - Feedback is the main component of communication process as it permits the sender to analyze the efficacy of the message. It helps the sender in confirming the correct interpretation of message by the decoder. Feedback may be verbal (through words) or non-verbal (in form of smiles, sighs, etc.). It may take written form also in form of memos, reports, etc.

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Yuki0711 发表于 2012-11-20 02:57
1.Context - Communication is affected by the context in which it takes place. This context may be ph ...

谢谢你，能加点中文注释吗，这是回答的那个问题，我现在脑子有点不转了，分不清了

Four barriers:

PHYSICAL BARRIERS
One of the major barriers to communication is the physical barrier. Physical barriers are present in the area surrounding the sender and receiver. Physical barriers include a work environment that has a lot of background noise, poor lighting or unstable temperature. These barriers can affect how individuals try to send and receive messages. If there is a lot of background noise than the receiver may not hear what the sender is saying. If the temperature in a work environment is too hot or too cold the sender may not be as focused on the message that they are trying to send. If people in the work place are separated by others, communication is not as effective. As long as people still have a personal space that they can call their own, proximity to others aids communication because it helps us get to know one another.

LACK OF SUBJECT KNOWLEDGE
According to the College of Marin, if a person who sends a message lacks subject knowledge, they may not be able to convey their message clearly and the receiver could misunderstand the message, thus affecting communication. If the sender is not familiar with the subject content that he is trying to send, then it may be too vague and the receiver may not receive relevant details.

LANGUAGE
The inability to converse in a language that is known by both the sender and receiver is the greatest barrier to effective communication. Communication-type.com reports that when a person uses inappropriate words while conversing or writing, it could lead to misunderstanding between the sender and a receiver. If the sender doesn't clearly speak the same language as the receiver then they may be using words that do not make sense.

EMOTIONS
Your emotions could be a barrier to communication. If you are engrossed in your emotions for some reason, you tend to have trouble listening to others or understanding the message conveyed to you. According to the College of Marin, if someone is angry, resentful, happy or excited, that person may be too preoccupied with emotions to receive the intended message. Emotions mainly involve fear, mistrust and suspicion. Excessive fear of what others might think of us and what we say can interfere with what we want to communicate and our ability to form meaningful relationships.

找回密码 发表于 2012-11-20 03:00
谢谢你，能加点中文注释吗，这是回答的那个问题，我现在脑子有点不转了，分不清了

交流步骤的主要成分哈

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